Friday, December 20, 2024

Morton DaCosta | The Music Man / 1962 [Dance only]

robert preston, shirley jones and chorus

by Douglas Messerli

 

Meredith Willson and Franklin Lacey (book), Marion Hargrove (screenplay), Morton DaCosta (director) The Music Man / 1962

 

When I first began this project, I determined I would only include exceptional dancers, and not concern myself with actors carefully trained to make the right moves. But in four films I’ve chosen, although the actors are not natural dancers, the final pieces are so joyful that it would be unfair, and perhaps, unrepresentative not to include them.

     The third of these beautifully choreographed works is Oona White’s stunningly performed dance sung to “Marian, the Librarian” by the leads Robert Preston, Shirley Jones, and the chorus in the small Madison Public Library in Iowa.    


     The moment Preston, as the charming con-man Professor Harold Hill, enters the hallowed space, where “talking out loud” is not allowed, we are utterly entranced by his tender assault on the beautiful librarian. But the question remains, how to get Marian to participate in the event. He threatens to drop a bag of marbles upon the floor, gradually wooing her by his moaning lament with the cleverly outlandish rhymes of “Marian,” “librarian,” and “carrion.”

     White’s choreography sweeps up the librarian into dance by employing the entire male chorus as her partner in a long lateral traipse up and down the winding staircase, through the stacks, and into the central reading room, Harold Hill in chase. Peevishness alternates with joy, as little by little, the community envelops Marian into the dance that at its apogee includes a whole library of moving bodies, pandemonium truly breaking loose in the city’s major sanctuary to silence. Whatever lack of dancing skills Preston and Jones may have are totally unapparent given the choruses’ acrobatic prances and taps. Even the film’s marvelous dance number “Shipoopi,” a more standard set dance piece, cannot match the brilliance of this achievement.

 

Los Angeles, April 12, 2011

Reprinted from World Cinema Review (April 2011).

Jerome Robbins and Robert Wise | West Side Story / 1961 [Dance only]

rita moreno, george chakiris, yvonne wilder, tucker smith, eliot feld, tony mordante and choruses 

by Douglas Messerli

 

Ernest Lehman (screenplay, based on the libretto by Arthur Laurents, conceived by Jerome Robbins), Jerome Robbins and Robert Wise (directors) West Side Story / 1961

 

I might argue that West Side Story is the best film musical ever made. It's far tougher and thematically more challenging than two other favorites, Singing in the Rain or An American in Paris, and its music, singing, and dancing is at a level that is near impossible to compare.

     When I say this, however, I always flinch a bit because the three major actors (Nathalie Wood, Richard Beymer, and Russ Tamblyn) are not up the quality of film overall. Wood is a brittle Maria, even with Marni Nixon's golden voice to back her up; and at moments it is entirely impossible to believe she has even heard of Puerto Rico. Richard Beymer (later an acquaintance of mine) is a handsome lead, but there's something slightly gangly about his performance, and, although he seems, at times, to be a fresh and energetic force, his overall acting is somewhat lethargic and even a bit effeminate. Russ Tamblyn, despite his dancing pedigree, is a tumbler, not a dancer; and his acting is difficult to endure.



     For all that, the film is something of a miracle—what with two directors, the imperious Jerome Robbins and the far more accommodating Robert Wise. What tensions there must have been on the set do now show up in the film, from the brilliant opening sequence as we move from a seemingly abstract set of lines to a helicopter-pan of city of Manhattan, before settling down in the deteriorated streets (actually the location of what is now Lincoln Center, which waited its beginning construction until the film had finished shooting), to reveal a neighborhood basketball court, through which the finger-clicking Jets pass on their way to the street where Tony Mordante (Action)—in has to have been one of the most difficult dance maneuvers of all time—releases some of his pent-up energy in a dance move that ultimately effects the entire gang. That sudden transformation from a realistic series of actions to a group of dancing men signifies the powerful pulls of this film between utter realism and theatrical fantasy, which propels this "musical" into a new dimension. Even street-hardened young boys had to admit that Robbins' dancers were different from any other kind of screen-dancing of the day.

     West Side Story has a multitude of such wonderful dance moments, but two numbers, in particular, are unforgettable. The first might not have even happened, it appears, if Stephen Sondheim had not been able to convince Robbins to restore the song to its original intentions in the story. Laurents, Bernstein, and Sondheim had originally intended "America" to be what it appears on film, an argument between Bernardo and Anita, between the male dancers and the female, in order to establish relationships that had not been explored in the libretto. In the stage version, however, Robbins saw it as an opportunity for a female dance number, so it was performed by women only, a new character, Rosalia being invented to take over Bernardo's role. A couple of years ago, in Laurents' Broadway revival of the musical, I saw it performed as it had been originally, and it had little of the dynamism and magic of the film version.

     "America" spins out of an argument between Anita and Bernardo, quickly moving, with the haunting rhythms of Bernstein's huapango and through Sondheim's witty dialogue, into a battle between the five shark males and their five women. Suddenly Chakiris and two other males switch from their mock-battling antics, into a hand clapping fandango-like movement straight toward the camera, a few minutes later followed by Moreno and her five friends. Shooting from below foot level, the camera watches them on the move horizontally toward it, as if in their kicks and whoops they were a descending oppositional army—and they are! as again and again the two sides move toward one another, before the other breaks up and runs. It is a game, but it also a real war, not only between ideas—a commitment to America and a nostalgic longing for what has been lost—but between presence and absence, faith and defeat, reiterated in the final four last lines of the lyrics:

 

                      Bernardo: I think I go back to San Juan.

                      Anita: I know a boat you can get on. (The women jeer, "bye, bye!")

                      Bernardo: Everyone there will give big cheer!

                      Anita: Everyone there will have moved here.

 

    Although Anita and her female companions win out in the battle of wit and dance, absence and defeat will be the substance of the events of the rest of the musical.



     The second dance number, "Cool," strangely enough, had a similar transformation from stage to film as "America." In the stage version, the song was almost lost, as it was sung near the end of the first act in the back of Doc's drugstore, as a way to for Riff to defuse the rising tensions of the Jets. Once again, on stage, the dance is unimpressive and almost meaningless, coming so early before the actual battles. Sondheim, so he reports in his voluminous Finishing the Hat, suggested that it be moved to the second act, after the rumble, replacing the more comic post-rumble number, "Gee, Officer Krupke." Robbins declared that he had no time to restage it, particularly since the sets had been determined. Fortunately (although Sondheim still has doubts about his own suggestion), in the film Robbins took the lyricist's advice. Sung, as it is, in a darkened garage with metal-lined low ceiling, the entire number takes on a completely different character, the set and location reinforcing the pent-up emotions of the gang.

     Since Riff is now dead in the story, Robbins was able to feature the brilliant dancer Tucker Smith (Ice) as the lead. Tall and rugged, Smith literally towers over the other figures as he pulls them into the garage, demanding that they "get cool." The bright lights of the truck and car headlights against the dark make for a perfect backdrop to the series of leaps, spins, punches, floor crawls, and pirouettes that the Jets perform to the jazz refrains of the saxophone, trumpet, xylophone combo. Mordante and Feld are particularly excellent, but all, including the three female dancers, create a near frenzy of motion before settling into the "cool" frieze at dance's end.

     Both of these dance numbers are spectacular, and show what a great choreographer like Robbins can do for a filmed musical. Just as importantly, both numbers still appear fresh and innovative today.

  

Los Angeles, July 27, 2011

Reprinted from World Cinema Review (July 2011).

 

George Abbott and Stanley Donen | Damn Yankees / 1958 [Dance only]

 

gwen verdon

by Douglas Messerli

 

George Abbott (screenplay, based on a novel by Douglas Wallop), Richard Adler and Jerry Ross (music and lyrics), George Abbott and Stanley Donen (directors) Damn Yankees / 1958

 

It is sad that the extremely gifted Gwen Verdon did not get to show her dancing talents in more films. On Broadway, she performed in some of the best dancing roles of her time, including Can-Can, Damn Yankees, Redhead, Sweet Charity, and, later in her life, Chicago. But the former wife of choreographer and dancer Bob Fosse, is absolutely memorable in her role as Lola in the film version of Damn Yankees, even if the film often leaves one with the feeling that something is missing. And her memorable “Whatever Lola Wants” dance and song has to be recognized as one of the great sexual numbers of film history.

 

   There is something absolutely ridiculous about Lola, formerly the ugliest woman in Providence, Rhode Island, whom the Devil has transformed into a Cuban-like trollop, determined to get what she wants from every man she (and the Devil) desires to corrupt. Mock striping, as she dances, Lola writhes over the stolid body of ball player Joe Hardy (hilariously rendered by gay actor Tab Hunter), using his persevering figure as something close to a pole bar against, through, and across which she transverses, attacking him like a bull, waving her black negligee and clicking fanny, to negotiate what she presumes is the inevitable—his abandonment of moral values into absolute lust. The dance is almost an old-fashioned hoochie-coochie, but so sparklingly satiric in its conception that we can only watch in wonderment.

      Of course, it doesn’t work: Hardy is in love with his wife, and the actor in love with men. But if ever anyone might have shaken up the opposite sex, it should have been Verdon as Lola; and later, in the lovely song and dance number, “Two Lost Souls”—almost as good as Verdon’s siren song— she nearly succeeds in unfreezing him.

 

Los Angeles, April 4, 2011

Reprinted from World Cinema Review (April 2011).

Fernando Grisi | Frutinha (Fruity) / 2023

the kiss

by Douglas Messerli

 

Fernando Grisi (screenwriter and director) Frutinha (Fruity) / 2023 [21 minutes]

 

11-year-old Pedro (Fellipe Samuel) plays goalie for the older soccer players Santos (Garbriel Mionete) and Marcos (Lucas Alves Rodrigues Martins), while Felipe (Pedro Miguel Chiappa),* a fragile boy of Pedro’s age sits on the sidelines to draw. The older boys make fun of his lack of talent and refusal to even attempt to play with them, as Felipe, by now somewhat use to their abuse, moves to pack up his things and leave.

     But this time Pedro stands up for him, telling the older boys to leave him alone and assuring Felipe that he doesn’t have to play if he doesn’t want to.

     Later that evening Felipe overhears another of his parents’ incessant fights, in which the father arrives home late again, refusing to even go up and see his son, despite the mother’s protests. “That boy’s turning out very weird. You give him too much freedom,” he argues. Painting and decorating are not what men do, insists this macho slob, probably cheating nightly on his wife.

      In the morning, Felipe, after dressing, doesn’t even dare pass by the rooms in which his parents might be waiting, leaving by his own bedroom door.


     In the gym, Pedro sits alone, awaiting perhaps the arrival of his older friends. But seeing Felipe enter, he suggests that he help him train. Felipe demurs, having been told previously by Pedro that didn’t want him playing the game with him. But something has changed. He now recalls that Felipe has a great kick. And Felipe agrees, but as a goalie is completely useless, afraid of the ball. When Pedro laughs at him, Felipe again moves to leave, but Pedro suggests that they switch. Felipe kicks, while Pedro leans in the other direction, permitting him a goal.

      When the other boys arrive, Santos can’t believe that Pedro has brought the “fairy” to join them. But Pedro simply says, watch. And this time, with Marcos as goalie, he kicks in a score, Pedro hooting in delight. The two have become friends, with Pedro, on their walk home, even inviting himself to Felipe’s house.

      Pedro notes that he’s never been to Felipe’s house, Felipe commenting that he didn’t seem to be a friend until now. But Pedro is wowed by Felipe’s art on the walls, although he finds some of then to be a little “weird,” the word which keeps creeping up on Felipe throughout this short movie. Pedro asks his new friend to draw him in a Spiderman suit.

     When Felipe next pays football with the group, however, he trips and falls, Santos calling him retarded, while Marcos warns him, sarcastically, that he’s scaring the “fruity.” They further describe him as a baby and a loser. This time, Pedro does not come to his defense.



   When Felipe finishes the drawing of Pedro in a Spiderman suit, he briefly shows it to him before crumpling it up into a ball. Yet that doesn’t stop Pedro from putting his head on Felipe’s shoulder. When walking home, Pedro invites him now to his house, Felipe suggests that he might see him as a little baby. “Yes, you, Santos, and everybody hates me.” Given his home situation, it is no wonder that Felipe is so sensitive to what his own school mates say.

     Pedro suggests he just forget “those assholes,” explaining that he doesn’t hate him, and neither do they. “They just have to be tougher. Show it to them,” and he walks off. But Felipe follows. Pedro suggests he liked the drawing, Felipe that he shouldn’t have made it, with Pedro responding, “Ouch, that hurts. What did I do?”

      Of course, it’s what he didn’t do that hurts Felipe. But the boy also has to get used to a world without protectors. You’ve got to be tough, Pedro consuls, and show them you’re not….”

      “A fruity,” Felipe interrupts. “So, it’s my fault.”


      Pedro, the more mature of them, takes on all the blame. “No, it was all fault.” From now on, he insists, he will speak up.

      But Felipe is still hurt. “You used to never talk to me.” He moves on to his own home, so it appears, alone.

     Yet, in the next frame when we think we are seeing Felipe in bed alone, he suddenly discover that he is instead in bed with Pedro, evidently on an overnight stay, apparently in Pedro’s house. Pedro apologizes for having made fun of him earlier, but argues that it was, in part, a result of his having stopped playing with them. “I was sad no one remembered how well you could play. But I would like to be your friend. If your majesty (a slight ribbing that he has also previously used to signify Felipe’s standoffish behavior) will allow.”

      They now ask one another what they will be when they grow up. Felipe asks, “Do you still want to be a soccer player?” “Well, that’s very hard,” Pedro answers. “But you can do it. You play better than anyone I know.” And when Pedro asks the same question of his friend Fe, he jokes back, “A soccer player, obviously.”

      “You should be an artist,” suggest Pedro. “And being an artist is not too hard?” Felipe responds. “Not for you,” assures his friend.

      In short, the two boys, in getting to know each other, reify their talents, praising each other for their own natural gifts.

      When Felipe complains that the mattress on the floor on which he is sleeping is hard, Pedro invites him into his bed, where they sleep laying in opposite directions.

    But now Felipe is troubled, asking Pedro “But what if I am…you know…” Pedro joins him in a head-to-head position. “What do you mean?” Felipe backs off: “Nothing, nothing.”

       Yet Pedro probes, “How do you know?”

       Pedro: “I just know…I think it’s…because of you.”



       To end up side by side in bed, on the verge of a kiss.

      The next morning when Pedro brings Felipe to the soccer gym again, insisting that he is the best player among them, the boys again demean Felipe and insist that he is now Pedro’s boyfriend, which gives them further fodder for their endless bullying. “No need to crush his little heart. He was hoping for a romance with you.” It’s clear they sense where they can hurt anyone not like them the most. But suddenly they do hand the ball to Felipe, explaining they were just razzing the newbie.

       Still, Felipe wanders off, tired and frustrated with the endless dismissals of his identity as a human being. His parent’s nightly quarrels ring out like a continuation of his own difficulties:

        “I don’t know how you can be such an asshole”

        “You know I can’t take this anymore.”

        “So you’re giving up, just like that.”

        “Shut up. Shut up, you can’t say shit about that.”

      Clearly, this couple is ready to break up, just as Felipe has felt it necessary to leave the toxic company who surrounds his beloved Pedro.

       As Felipe goes to his door-window he encounters Pedro, chastising him for just walking off. Again, Felipe attempts to defend his hurt, but Pedro insists it was “no big deal.” But then, of course, he knows nothing about the internal fights about similar issues taking place in Felipe’s own house.

        All you say, Felipe argues, is they’re dumbasses, and I can talk to you. He challenges Pedro: “Are you afraid of what Santos will think of you?”

        Pedro points out that he too is afraid the same thing. But Felipe declares he was afraid before he had made friends with Pedro. “I believed it when you said you wanted to be friends.” Obviously he is still seeking a protector. But then, there is something more behind his words.

        Pedro insists that is still an amigo, but Felipe will not buy what he sees as his dishonesty. Say it, that you like me back. Pedro’s startled silence seems to answer Felipe’s accusations.

        Now it is Pedro, holding Felipe’s drawing close to him, who cannot sleep at night. But then Felipe can’t sleep either. It is almost two much to observe two 11-year-olds suffer over the slights of love, but today’s world has already poised them, far too early, to become adults.

       The next day, finally frustrated, Felipe determines to return to the school gym where the three boys, Pedro, Santos, and Marcos are already at play.


         The moment Felipe enters the gym, Pedro goes over to him and kisses him on the lips.

         YouTube advertises this beautiful Brazilian cinema as “a gay kid’s short film,” which perhaps it is. But I have seldom seen teenage and even adult films so honest about the difficulties of establishing a gay relationship in a world in which despite all the expressions of community embracement, is still ready to attack queerness in whatever form it appears on the immediate and local level. The polls may show that most people support gay equality, but tell that to the locker rooms, the school hallways, the dark streets around gay bars late at night; send the news to the film industry and many work spaces throughout the US, and then try to pass that message on to Russia, Kenya, Uganda, Hungary, Poland, and China. For anyone still trying to live a gay life in most of the world, things are still difficult. Perhaps an open kiss on the lips is what we need to remind us that being gay is simply another form of love.

        As you might guess, I was touched by Brazilian director Fernando Grisi’s short film. The music by an unidentified composer surely helped. This short film is actually a wonderful tonic to the absolute sweet perfection Heartstopper, my beloved series about slightly older boys undergoing some of the same experiences.

 

*The director, in a rather perverse sense of casting, chose a Fellipe to play Pedro, and a Pedro to play Felipe. It must have been rather confusing for both actors.

 

Los Angeles, December 20, 2024

Reprinted from My Queer Cinema blog (December 2024).

Taylor Coriell | Thank You, Places / 2024

on stage confession

by Douglas Messerli

 

Madison Hatfield (screenplay), Taylor Coriell (director) Thank You, Places / 2024 [8 minutes]

 

It’s rather hard to imagine that in 2024 there were two film productions of works about small Community theater companies with the same title of Thank You, Places, one a short, the other—which I’ve still to see—a feature film. This US production of September (the other was released in November), features two actors, Jimmy (Braian Rivera Jimenez) and Grant (Jono Mitchell), performing in a truly bad play on the amateur theater circuit.


     Jimmy plays the man who gets shot and killed at the end of the play, perhaps an appropriate role such he has just been dumped by his former older lover, Grant who plays the detective who shoots him in the last scene.

     Most of their conversation concerns Jimmy’s anger and hurt for Grant’s sudden reversal of feelings; but it’s also clear that Grant is still terrified of making commitments. He claims he can’t go on in a relationship that will merely hurt the other. But Jimmy, in his bitterness, makes a strong claim for his love as well as his commitment to theater, while performing in a play that Grant, who has at least performed off-Broadway, cannot even abide to perform. And he is a cold fish when it comes to Jimmy’s impassioned pleas that he continue what he had begun—somewhat like going on with the play that one knows is an absolute turkey.


    We hear the lines of the play from the backstage dressing room to where the two men retreat after their scenes. And the person responsible for getting them on stage on time, does come by to remind there that they should return to their places, whom they snottily thank in the manner of the film’s title.

     Jimmy comes back with a ketchup-covered shirt, and washes away the bit of tomato that splattered against he face, as Grant returns to the stage for his last scene.


      But this time instead of performing his regular lines about the character, he begins a long admission of how he has been in love with the man he has killed, and treated him badly because of his own inability to fully love. We only hear this, as does Jimmy, over the dressing room speakers, but we can imagine the other cast members' startlement of extensive ad-lib with adds perhaps more dimension to the plot that perhaps the original was able to muster up. Grant’s last line is almost ludicrous, “I’ve got to see if he’s still dead. Crack the case without me Rita.”


     He returns, and the two kiss. A night to remember both for them and their obviously confused audience.

     Alas, the movie is as trite and silly as the play in which the characters are performing, The Dock Woman by Lin Liam.

 

Los Angeles, December 20, 2024

Reprinted from My Queer Cinema blog (December 2024).

 

 

My Queer Cinema Index [with former World Cinema Review titles]

Films discussed (listed alphabetically by director) [Former Index to World Cinema Review with new titles incorporated] (You may request any ...