playing doctor
by Douglas Messerli
Angus MacPhail and Ben Hecht (based on a novel
by Francis Beeding), Alfred Hitchcock (director) Spellbound / 1945
Over the years I have watched Alfred Hitchcock’s
1945 film Spellbound numerous times, and yet—although I have written
essays on most of the director’s films—I had not even attempted any comment on
this.

Although I have often enjoyed watching
Ingrid Bergman and Gregory Peck romantically entwined in what becomes a kind of
psychological-detective tale, I also have long felt it is one of Hitchcock’s
silliest works. Spouting populist notions of Freudian Theory, Spellbound
puts Bergman (as Constance Petersen) in the uncomfortable position of diagnosing
her lover’s every move. Not only is the poor man apparently suffering from
amnesia, he has a guilt complex for accidently killing his brother as a child
and, having witnessed the murder of Dr. Edwardes on a skiing trip, attempts to impersonate
him, presumably again out of guilt, by show up as the new head of the psychiatric
clinic where Constance works. Even to describe this pot gives one the giggles.
Poor Berman has to pretend to believe it all between swoons and smooches.
Oh,
and I forgot to mention the even less credible ending. It seems the “real”
murder was Dr. Murchison (Leo G. Carroll), the for head of the clinic Dr.
Edwardes was about to replace!
True,
Hitchcock’s plots (think of Vertigo and North by Northwest) can
often be quite complex and even illogical, but mightn’t he and writers Angus
MacPahil and Ben Hecht have assigned their poor hero just something a little
bit less off the charts. And did Hitchcock truly have to use kitschy Salvador
Dali sets as an aide to interpret John Ballantyne’s (the name of Peck’s
character) dream?
Did he really have to introduce yet another figure,
Constance’s know-it-all, elderly mentor, Dr. Brulov, to help Constance diagnose
her lover-patient?
Hitchcock was obviously greatly interested in psychological motives,
which are at the heart of almost all of his films. And accordingly, in his
movies he often brought in psychiatry to explain character motivations. In one
of his earliest works, The Lodger, the director toys with the seeming
madness of his hero, and in several later works, including Rope, The
Wrong Man, Vertigo, Psycho, and most notably, Marnie—again,
I am convinced, a failed film—explores psychological analysis nearly to the
extent of Spellbound.
Watching this film again the other morning, I wondered why I had even
bothered to see this movie more than once. And yet, despite its labyrinthine
plot and hooky imagines of opening doors, along with the sled tracks in the
snow which show up on clothing, bedspreads, and even a piece of linen on which
Constance traces the shape of a proposed swimming pool with the tines of a for
(events which send Peck into an immediate trance and, inexplicably, abusive
outbursts), Spellbound remains somewhat spellbinding, full of intense
moments and lust romantic intervals—evidence, perhaps, of Bergman’s and Peck’s
real off-screen relationship during the shooting.
This time around, moreover, I finally realized that, although Hitchcock
is somewhat serious in all of this psychobabble, he is also quite clearly mocking
it—perhaps in reaction to producer David Selznick’s own exultation of his
personal experiences with psychoanalysis conducted by Dr. May Romm, who is credited
an advisor to the film. Somewhat like another 1940s work, Marianne Hauser’s
fiction Dark Dominion (1947), the director of Spellbound and his
figures on one level are utterly serious about their schoolteacher-like dream
analyses and layered dream analyses and observations of behavior, white also testing
and teasing us about our personal expectations and evaluations of the new “scientific”
field.
Early in the movie, the lecherous fellow psychiatrist,
Doctor Fleurot (John Emery) makes fun of Constance and his own profession,
suggesting that his beautiful colleague is using her career as a shield behind
which to hide from any emotional involvement. Even the clinic’s head,
Murchison, realizes that his young employee needs more time, metaphorically speaking,
“in the field.” And once Constance meets the fraudulent Dr. Edwardes, we see
her desperately trying to fend off her sudden infatuation with the newcomer
with medical doublespeak.

He, it turns out, is also a doctor—but of another
kind, a medical doctor, who, despite his mental illness, can equally analyze
the body and its maladies. And only he, given half a chance, can open Constance
up to human contact. But, obviously, she must first nurse him to mental healthy
before he can cure her “school-marm” tendencies. Even after she has fallen in
love and in a mad rush away from her own profession, has chased John to New
York, the hotel dick still mistakes her for a schoolteacher. And
Ballantyne/Edwardes calls her that again when she immediately begins to badger
him to recall his past.
If
psychiatry, as she and others keep insisting, can heal the patient, it can just
as easily lead to further misreadings of human behavior and put the victim into
further harm. A patient in the clinic attempts to kill himself. And the more
Constance and her elderly professor (Michael Chekov) badger John with their
probing questions, the sicker he seems to become, sleepwalking with a razor in
his hand, and falling again and again into faints (in accompaniment with Miklós
Rózsa’s theremin-inspired score) in which he behaves more like a drugged-out zombie
than the healthy newlywed he and Constance are pretending to be.

His
revelation of his dream is so ridiculously prolix (with card games hinting at
the New York dining club, 21, and a hovering bird-like figure pointing to the
ski lodge’s location in Gabriel Valley) that Dali’s corny curtains of eyes, severed
by over-sized scissors, along with the sculptures of melted clocks and wheels
seem right at home in the over-the-top presentation of what a madman’s dream
might look like. The actual scene was reportedly 20 minutes long, of which we
see only about two minutes. It would be fascinating, maybe even frightening, to
see the original shoot. As it is, the short scene, nonetheless, is one of the
campiest moments in all of the great master’s films.
Even when John is finally cured, his layered secrets all spilled,
psychiatry cannot, so Hitchcock posits, save him, as he is arrested and tried
for murder. But even then the analysis doesn’t end.
Constance must still save her man and does so more as a detective than a
psychiatrist—running with an accidentally dropped remark by Murchison that he
had slightly known Edwardes—as she, confronting the reinstate clinic leader,
determines that he was the man who shot the “real” Edwardes. After all, had he
truly met his “replacement,” why would he pretend not to recognize Edwardes’
imposter when he joined the clinic staff? In short, we realize, as he puts a
bullet through his head, the chief psychiatrist cannot even cure himself. So
much for the wonders of Freudian thinking!
The
movie ends with the couple’s actual marriage, putting them in a position,
finally, where Ballantyne can cure Constance by allowing her to be the
beautiful and sensual woman she was hiding from herself. No further analysis necessary,
even if it might appear to be a more than little sexist conclusion.
Los Angeles, December 18, 2015
Reprinted from World Cinema Review (December
2015).