Tuesday, July 21, 2026

Gitanjali Rao | Printed Rainbow / 2006 [animated film]

into the rainbow

by Douglas Messerli

 

Gitanjali Rao (screenwriter, animator, and director) Printed Rainbow / 2006 [15 minutes] [animated film]

 

Indian director Gitanjali Rao’s short animated film is a true treasure and won awards at the Kodak short film award and Critic’s Award at the 2006 Cannes Film Festival.


    It begins in gray and muted tones of black and white as an elderly woman wakens, feeds the cat, and proceeds to go about her business in the Mumbi rain. She is friendly, waving to an elderly man across the way. But it is a dreary existence without much to offer.

     This woman, however, happens to also be phillumenist, a collector of matchboxes, some of which are delivered to her quite often by the kind gentleman to whom she has waved across the way.


      Unlike the world around her, these colored matchboxes bring her an entire rainbow world, as when she picks them up their bright colored covers take her to imaginary worlds totally unlike the gray, rainy world of the film, suddenly turns her life into a extraordinary adventures, beginning with her riding an elephant through a jungle, taking her to a stream where she suddenly floats down river to a palace wherein the owner’s concubines gather to smoke hukkahs and later to bathe together in lesbian splendor in the pools.

 

     Soon after, her friend comes for a visit, delivering her up some more matchbooks which he has ordered especially for her collection. She, taking one of them out, becomes a temporary truck driver, speeding, exhilarated down the highway.


 


    It again begins to rain again, and she returns to her matchbox collection, this time taking up residence on a farm, milking cows and doing chores that she obviously finds fulfilling.

      Her gentlemen friend again stops by for a visit, but this time there is no answer. He gently opens the door to see her either asleep in her dreams or perhaps dead. He picks up a box of matches nearby to see her now depicted in the farm where she has evidently found her paradise.

      This is a beautiful film that Rao has dedicated to her grandmother, filled with dreams and new possibilities. Although it cannot be described as specifically a gay film, there are enough clues that this elderly woman is out to explore all possibilities, including the sexual, the feminist, and simply a world where she controls her own destiny. At no point does she settle down with a man, but through her imagination visits worlds where she and other women are basically in control of their societies and activities. This is most definitely, as the title suggests, a kind of rainbow world, something clearly outside of normative society.

 

Los Angeles, July 21, 2026

Reprinted from My Queer Cinema blog (July 2026).

Alain Resnais | Muriel ou le temps d'un retour (Muriel) / 1963

emptying the past

 by Douglas Messerli

 

Jean Cayrol (screenplay), Alain Resnais (director) Muriel ou le temps d'un retour (Muriel) / 1963

 

 Resnais' films, for the most part, concern memory and the relationship between the past and the present, and Muriel is one of the best examples of his art.


     Hélène (Delphine Seyrig), an antique dealer who uses her own Boulogne-sur-Mer apartment as her showroom, lives with her stepson, Bernard (Jean-Baptiste Thiérrée). Both have had troubled pasts: Hélène survived the war, but lost, apparently, almost everything else. Bernard, who served in Algeria, is troubled by events of that war revealed through the boy’s journal, including the torturing of a young Algerian girl, Muriel, in which he passively participated; the girl was eventually murdered by other members of his platoon, led by Robert, who has also returned to Boulogne-sur-Mer.

 

                  She closed her eyes and vomited...Robert backed away. I left them.

                  I came back to see her that night, raised the cover...Like she'd been

                  long in water...a ripped-open sack of potatoes...blood all over her,

                  in her hair...burns on her breasts...Her eyes were not shut...I didn't

                  feel much, nothing at all perhaps. I went to bed...slept well. Next day

                  before Reveille....

 

     Into this troubled family comes Alphonse Noyard, a former lover of Hélène's, a man with whom she is still in love. Throughout the film they subtly blame each other for the failure of the relationship which might have ended in marriage while they still feebly attempt to rekindle their feelings for one another. With Alphonse comes Françoise, portraying herself as his niece, but who, in fact, is Alphonse's lover.


     On the surface the reunion of this couple and the intervention into Bernard's life by the attractive Françoise, reminds one of a soap-opera, and Resnais, particularly in the first scenes, when he briefly freezes the frame of these characters' faces revealing their inner turmoil as opposed to the patter of their ordinary conversation, creates almost melodramatic tableau vivants of their interactions. The director further extends that feeling to the film by using pieces from an opera by composer Hans Werner Henze as the film's score. This intensifies the film's highly artificed sensibility, which along with its long tracking shots and quick cuts between faces and body parts not only contributes to the characters' sense of isolation but helps to reiterate their fragile mental states. Moreover, Bernard is himself a photographer, spending much of the film behind the camera or distracting others from his behavior through costumes and tricks.

      Throughout the film, the central figures attempt to present a sense of normalcy, but nothing about their interrelationships is ordinary. Hélène rushes to the train station to meet Alphonse, only to find the station empty; even as she invites Alphonse and Françoise to make themselves at home in her apartment, we discover that nearly all of the abode's contents are for sale, and she quickly leaves her two guests for a date with her friend Roland, an opportunity for her to gamble at the local casino.

     Bernard greets the two guests with a sullen quietude and silly child-like actions such as pulling out a scorpion he keeps in a matchbox, all of which ends, strangely enough, with Françoise and him running off into the night, he, in turn, leaving her to her own devices in a strange city.

     In Resnais' landscape day suddenly turns into night, characters we have never met briefly intrude upon the scene, and dialogue emanates from voices off screen.


     Slowly, however, through the characters' pretended sociability, their sudden accusations, and self-justifications, we begin to piece together these people's lives. The relationship between Hélène and Alphonse, we discover, was not as loving as both of them would like to remember, and may have resulted (suggested in the penultimate scene in the movie) in an unwanted child, which may also explain Hélène's desperate attempts throughout to raise cash, both through loans and gambling. Alphonse has come to Boulogne, in part, to escape his wife Simone and the failure of his restaurant; by film's end, his brother-in-law comes to fetch him before he escapes once again.

     The relationship between Bernard and Robert, the story hints, may represent more a kind of unspoken homosexual love story than a tale of anger and hate for the murder of the Algerian girl. Clearly, there is a more powerful relationship between the two men than between Bernard and his girlfriend, Marie-Do, or another possible suitor, Françoise. Late in the film Bernard reveals the deep bond between him and his stepmother. Bernard, moreover, shoots and kills Robert not only out of revenge for Robert's war crimes and his current right-wing activities, but perhaps as much for his more personal betrayal of their love.


     There is no way, in short, to return. The past cannot be recaptured or bottled up. Like the local building Roland describes who everyone in Boulogne is waiting to fall from its cliff, the past will ultimately crumble, destroying those entrapped within its confines.

     The very last scene of Resnais' great film captures Simone, Alphonse's wife, having come to Boulogne to find him. She opens the door to Hélène's antique world to find it completely empty of people.

 

Los Angeles, December 7, 2009 | Reprinted from Green Integer Blog (December 2009).

 


Monday, July 20, 2026

Matt Wolf | Bayard & Me / 2017 [documentary]

his splendor

by Douglas Messerli

 

Matt Wolf (director) Bayard & Me / 2017 [16 minutes] [documentary]

 

27-year old Walter Naegle was on his way strolling through Times Square in New York City in 1977 to get a copy of the San Francisco Chronicle, thinking strongly of leaving New York to move San Francisco, when he suddenly met Bayard Rustin in moment, as he describes it when “We were on the same corner waiting for the light to change. We looked at each other, and lightning struck.”

     Times Square, as he mentions, was kind of seedy world, filled with porno theaters, not the kind of place where you imagined meeting someone. I remember it well in this days. Some of my closest friends in the city had never been there for decades. It was terrifying for most straight folks. Even years later, when it began its gradual change and some of the old theaters were reopening, when we attended a Mac Wellman play at the New Amsterdam Theatre, I believe, they were still terrified of even being there, and a bit startled when they discovered I knew the territory well.


      He describes Rustin as rather tall with a shock of white hair. And, he admits, having worked in civil rights he knew very well who is was. As he sums it up, he was mostly known for organizing the 1963 march of Washington, D.C., where Martin Luther King gave his “I have a dream” speech.

      Given the speech he gave that day, you might think Rustin was simply a harsh militant, but Neagle argues that when he spoke to you he was very loving, very engaged in what you were saying as if “you were the most important person in the world.”

       He explains that he fell in love with Bayard because he was an attractive, incredible charismatic, beautiful man. His apartment was filled with significant art objects.

      Neagle knew the man for about two years before he moved in with him. At that point the gay community and others standardly argued, “don’t trust anyone over thirty.” But Rustin loved to dance and party, Neagle arguing that he truly learned a great deal about the younger generation through him.

       When they decided to commit to their relationship, Neagle was faced with returning home to his family to explain his new lover, but this time it was not only gay, but interactional, and intergeneration, as if “taking on three taboos all at once.” But his mother, in particular, immediately identified in Rustin, who was only four years older than she use; and soon she began joining them on their vacations.


     Neagle explains, that Rustin himself came from a Quaker family, and he began his activism by organizing demonstrations to integrate small restaurants, swimming pools, and schools. In the 1940s Rustin when to India to study the issues of non-violence with the supporters of Ghandi. In 1955 he was sent to the Montgomery protests to become a mentor to a young Martin Luther King.

He propelled the movement into a much larger force in the South, “advancing the concept of violence within the Civil Rights movement.”

      But there were people simply uncomfortable with his being homosexual. But he was no willing to go back into the closet even for his major concerns. He stepped back simply for the greater good, argues Neagle, but we see what that meant personally, I feel, in the movie Rustin, the George C. Wolfe film of 2023, which I review elsewhere in these pages.

      Rustin was now concerned with the rights of his new lover, particularly to remain in his apartment. In 1982, he adopted Neagle, the only thing one might do at the time to formalize rights with regard to loving relationships, since marriage was not yet permitted. Rustin realized the need to protect Neagle rights, but also is own, if should become incapacitated, since there were simply no other protections including even hospital rights. A gay lover was not allowed to visit someone with whom he was not a relative. In order to get the adoption, Neagle’s mother had to sign paperwork that she had “dismissed” rights over her son; she agreed to do so.

     Rustin filed an application with child welfare, something not even heard of in these days. They had to send a social worker to the home to make sure this was not a case of a “dotty” old man being taken advantage of a young man after his money or an older man taking predatory advantage of a young boy.


     For all purposes, however, the couple felt they were married, even though gay marriage was inconceivable in those days. Neagle admits that if you had to circumvent society, it should be that way. “We were outsiders, we were rebels, we were not wanted by the society. There was a sense of being an outsider that people of my generation kind of thrived on.”

     In July of 1987 they went to Haiti, and both came back with stomach problems. Neagle quickly recovered, by Rustin did not. Doctors found that Bayard had been walking around with a burst appendix for at least two weeks. A couple of days later a blot clot hitting Rustin’s heart ended his life. Rustin died on August 24, 1987.

    Neagle responds that he began to call people saying “We” have lost Bayard because, as he puts it, “It was a loss to the world, to the society.”

    What Neagle misses is his humor, his love, his “splendor.” The rest of the film speaks of his continuation of Rustin’s legacy, making sure that he remains in the history of our nation, which particularly in these days is trying erase anyone who spoke out, was “woke” way before their time.

     If this is not necessarily a profound documentary, it is nonetheless extremely important in helping make Rustin’s presence and legacy part of our, both gay and straight, histories. He was a legend, a gay man who supported the LGBTQ+ community and gay marriage long before his time and needs a full biography about his contributions. This small work by Matt Wolf helps to move that forward.

 

Los Angeles, July 20, 2026

Reprinted from My Queer Cinema blog (July 2026).

    

Rhys Marc Jones | Father of the Bride / 2020

the wedding from hell

by Douglas Messerli

 

Rhys Marc Jones (screenwriter and director) Father of the Bride / 2020 [15 minutes]

 

British director Rhys Mac Jones’ Father of a Bride takes us to a wedding in hell. Young Christian, bother of groom, Christian (Jay Lycurgo) is nervously rehearsing the comments he been asked to make about his brother at the wedding in the hotel bathroom, when who should enter the bathroom but the father of the bride, Martin (Dominic Mafham), who not only stands next to him at the urinal joking, before he quickly exposes himself, forces him to re-tie his tie, and soon after attempts to grope and engage in sex with the young man.


      It all seems a joke to Martin—suggesting something to effect, “it’s all in family, what does it matter if it’s inside you”—as the two escape back into the wedding celebration, Martin standing up first to toast his slightly punk daughter, whom he glibly describes as his and his obviously distant wife’s greatest achievement.

      By the time Christian is asked to speak he is so absolutely terrified and disgusted that he cannot even fully deliver the speech he has been practicing and ends up vomiting in public. Obviously can’t openly say anything, as he attempts to escape the ceremony, but his best friend or girlfriend Fran certainly is ready to confront him about his failure.

      He can say nothing, and finally does leave the premises, breaking in the windows of Martin’s car as he runs off.

      Martin and friends, hearing the car alarm, rush to see what’s happened, but Martin, despite the total damage of windows, merely discovers another bottle of champagne within and encourages his friends to return and further celebrate.

      This is a truly a terrifying version of the old (and newer) Father of the Bride films, the first with Spencer Tracy (1950) and the revision with Steve Martin (1991). But those films were about the almost total dismissal of the father given the whirlwind surrounding the wedding, while this seems to put the sexually confused and perhaps drunken father fully into the center of the piece.

      Yet, it can’t be as terrifying as Robert Altman’s vision of wedding presented in his 1978 satire The Wedding. I think weddings tend to bring out the worst of everybody, despite the tears and joy. Parents lose their children, children begin a long journey into a totally new world which often, given the statistic doesn’t end up well. Everyone gets drunk. Even, as in Craig Lucas’ Prelude to a Kiss, a kiss from an old man can transform your young lover to someone you no longer can even recognize. And what about all the so-called “bachelor parties” where suddenly men fall into each other’s arms and bed.

      None of the commentators I have read knew what the short work was really trying to say, other presenting an incident of sexual assault by a major figure at a totally inappropriate moment. Surely, the younger brother can never reveal to his brother what a monster his new father-in-law really is, and his own reactions seem a bit over reactionary given the occasion. Weddings often reveal the best and worst of all the celebrants. Clearly this “father” is a total asshole who is completely dissatisfied with his own marriage, as he blithely gives his daughter away in a marriage that surely does not bode well. Young Christian may never seek out marriage after this ugly event. But he might still have found a way to celebrate his brother before his break-down.

 

Los Angeles, July 20, 2026

Reprinted from My Queer Cinema blog (July 2026).

 

 

 

 

 

Olive Nwosu | Egúngún (Masquerade) / 2021

good and nice

by Douglas Messerli

 

Olive Nwosu (screenwriter and director) Egúngún (Masquerade) / 2021 [14 minutes]

 

It’s always strikes me that some short films whiz by seemingly in seconds giving their lack of depth and complexity, while other far more substantive shorts appear almost to have been feature films, despite the short time is has taken to tell their stories. Olive Nwosu’s illusive Masquerade is the latter kind of film.


    The film begins purposely obscure as we see a handsome well-dressed woman in the midst of a traffic jam in Lagos, where a dancing masked figure refuses to remove himself from in front of the car she drives. She honks the horn in frustration. What she is doing there or where she might be going is a mystery. 

      As is her sudden appearance at a Christian church service, after which the pastor, delighted to see her back, praises her mother and wishes she might hear more from her daughter, the woman to whom she is speaking, Salewa (Sheila Chukwulozie).

      Salewa waits outside the church for the appearance of a younger woman of her own age, Ebun (Teniola Aladese) who walks past her, the film’s heroine following her through the market, losing her, and coming upon her accidently face to face.

       Joining Ebun on her motorbike, in momentarily delight of simply being able to touch, the two speed away to Ebun’s traditional Nigerian mud and reed “cone on drum” hut with her husband Ladi (Momoh Pius Oshogwemoh) inside. Ladi has evidently had a serious accident, sporting a bandaged head and eye patch. He is graciously pleased to meet the woman his wife has talked about so often and whose mother evidently worked as a maid in their house.


     In the middle of the conversation, however, his eye seems to pop-out, and she is highly disturbed by the incident and—as we soon discover, equally disconcerted that her friend has married such a man and that his mother worked for them—Salewa runs of. Telephoning the driver of the car we earlier saw her in, who evidently is a family member given that she asks him if he ever recalled such a woman as Ladi’s mother employed by the family. When Ebun soon attempts to follow her, asking her to return, Salewa runs still further off until she stops in front of the tree, Ebun finally catching up.

     In brief flash-backs we have already perceived that as young girls Ebun and Salewa were very much in love with one another. And now their adult conversation obliquely refers to that friendship while apparently steering away from the deeper subject of a possible lesbian relationship, which is clearly what has brought Salewa from London, where she now lives, back to Nigeria.

     Just as Ebun catches up to the adult Salewa, we see an image of the children together, with Ebun saying “I love you,” and for a moment it reverberates into the present, as if she were speaking those words now. Yet she clearly isn’t any longer in the world that Salewa his kept alive in her memory, and the women can now only discuss the outlines of their former friendship.

    Like the others before her, Ebun again inquires, with hushed tones of reverence, about Salewa’s mother. But this time Salewa reacts almost angrily: “I think it’s quite strange, quite strange that everyone speaks of her as if she were Jesus, like she’s the lord and savior of all Nigerians.”


     In another brief flashback we glimpse the two girls at play, Ebun having been decorated with flowers in her hair. We don’t witness precisely what’s happening between them, but when Salewa’s mother finds them at play she angrily scolds them for their behavior, pulling the girls apart. Clearly she has come upon some childhood version of their play of love. Regarding their love for one another, the mother has clearly not behaved saintly.

     In another moment, Salewa comments that Ladi sees to be a nice man—despite her clear aversion to him. And when Ebun asks about how life is in London, Salewa explains that she too is married—to a woman.

     There is the slightest of pauses, but Ebun replies that she is pleased that she is happy, “that’s good,” speedily returning the subject of her own marriage, “Ladi is a good man. He’s fine. He’ll be good.”

      When Ebun comments on Salewa’s shaved head, the latter replies it is nice to feel the cool across it. And so the conversation, filled with the tension of a love that may have meant different things to the two of them, becomes stuffed with statements of “that’s good,” and “that’s nice,” with none of their former impassioned feelings spilling out of their mouths.

      Salewa’s ride back, Bode, soon returns, and she drives off. Her voyage back in time obviously having allayed her long ago passions. She has clearly returned to her childhood home in search and peace, and alas, has found it. Everything back in Nigeria, a world in which as a child she clearly felt uncomfortable if not terrorized, is good and nice.

 

Los Angeles, October 26, 2022

Reprinted from World Cinema Review (October 2022).

Lamont Lamar | The Night It Rained / 2021

a deluge

by Douglas Messerli

 

Lamont Lamar & Mustafaa Tajuddin (screenplay), Lamont Lamar (director) The Night It Rained / 2021 [13 minutes]

 

Lamont Lamar’s The Night It Rained is a gritty and sad short of 13 minutes that traces the day of a young black man, Malachi (Evan Joelle) trying to get an education despite almost everything that stands in his way, particularly his low grades which has resulted in the loss of his scholarship.

     Although the school counselor, who is also black, seems sympathetic and attempts to offer him some options, they are slim and near impossible to solve his financial problems. She never asks about his mental health or his spiritual well-being, but simply advises him that he must get his grades up, without realizing that they may be impediments to studying, including obviously the further burden now of living without any financial support.


     She blithely suggests he reach out to family for help, but he angrily replies that his scholarship was the only reason he’s there, and “you all took it. Ain’t shit for me back home!”

       He can appeal, she declares, but he will have send along a letter explaining why there has been “a decline in his performance,” something which we also soon discover is near impossible, since this young man is queer, which still stands as a stigma in the black community. Moreover, in order to survive, he has been forced to seek out jobs as a male prostitute and in one of his meetings he has evidently encountered a man who has annually raped him, resulting not only in humiliating and brutal event but with a serious loss of blood.

      Malachi attempts to call several people, presumably other clients of his past although they could possibly be friends, suggesting he’s just in the neighborhood and wonders if he could stop by, but each of them make it clear it’s not a convenient time or they no longer have any interest in meeting up with him. In each case he apologizes, brushing it off as it he meant nothing, that “I was just in the area” and in one case quickly glossing over his call by suggesting, “It’s okay, I got some homework to do.” But clearly, without any money in order to survive he can hardly focus on “homework.”

       He has no choice but to telephone the very man who previously raped him. We don’t know anything about what has happened in the past or who he is calling, but there are clues when one watches the scene over, of how he deals with the previous encounter, the student responding at one point, “Yes, sir,” and soon after, “I’m up to it!” He is clearly so very desperate that he must once more put himself in danger.

       With the lovely San Francisco skyline in the distance, we see our young hero trudging off to his awful rendezvous, the danger of which the music by Ben Stanbridge hints with its dark dissonant chords.

       A white man greets him somewhat surlily at the door, “I see you made it,” observing clearly that he has arrived late. And as Malachi moves into the room, he remarks, “What are you doing?,” the boy again apologizing. “Take your shoes off!”

       The place, as one might expect, is an attractive artist’s space with contemporary art work upon its walls. And the man (Aland Brikfani) offers him a glass of wine, breaking character only to ask, “How are you?” as if only slightly interested in the health of the young man we soon discover he has brutally fucked.

      “Cool,” is the only reply that Malachi can offer, while it is clear he is obviously not cool, not comfortable, afraid of what he knows he about to happen all over again, opening him up to the torture of the previous event. But this time he announces instead of $400 it’s $700, “the price went up.” His greedy S&M client is a bit resentful but can afford to pay, peeling the hundreds off of a chunk of bills and handing it over.


         “Go in the bedroom,” his client demands, the opening niceties having come to a sudden end. From here on in we do not know whether what is happening in the present or the past as we observe him entering into a red-lit room, stripping down. The man enters, holds him for a moment and mutters “You’re so beautiful,” as he gently strokes Malachi’s face and chest, but a second later we hear the boy crying out in the pain as the client fucks him relentlessly in the shower, a scene interspersed with images of him grabbing him around the neck and dragging him off.


        In the final moments, the young man sits in the shower with blood dripping from his ass, trying to ease the pain in the shower of rain pouring down upon him—a reiteration of his father’s homespun aphorism earlier in the film, “A leaky house can fool the sun, but it can’t fool the rain.”

         The film’s final scene shows the boy sitting on his bed in his room, picking up the phone, and dialing before uttering the single word: “Ma.” It is a call to home, a call for help, but we know there probably will be no explanation or even a plea for him to return. A young man like our hero has no choices.

 

Los Angeles, April 29, 2022

Reprinted from World Cinema Review (April 2022).

Index R-Z

Angelo Raaijmakers I, Adonis / 2021 Peeter Rabane Firebird / 2021   Tyler Rabinowitz Catalina / 2022 Tyler Rabinowitz See You Soon / 20...